Confucius quick biography

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Confucius

Chinese philosopher (c. 551 – c. 479 BCE)

For other uses, see Confucius (disambiguation).

Confucius (孔子; pinyin: Kǒngzǐ; lit. 'Master Kong'; c. 551 – c. 479 BCE), born Kong Qiu (孔丘), was a Chinese philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period who is traditionally considered the paragon of Chinese sages. Much of the shared cultural heritage of the Sinosphere originates in the philosophy and teachings of Confucius.^[1] His philosophical teachings, called Confucianism, emphasized personal and governmental morality, harmonious social relationships, righteousness, kindness, sincerity, and a ruler's responsibilities to lead by virtue.

Confucius considered himself a transmitter for the values of earlier periods which he claimed had been abandoned in his time. He advocated for filial piety, endorsing strong family loyalty, ancestor veneration, the respect of elders by their children and of husbands by their wives. Confucius recommended a robust family unit as the cornerstone for an ideal government. He championed the Silver Rule, or a negative form of the Golden Rule, advising, "Do not do unto others what you do not want done to yourself."^[3]

The time of Confucius's life saw a rich diversity of thought, and was a formative

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Born into an age of violence and war, Confucius (551-479 BC) was the creator of a moral and political philosophy that was to bring harmony to the chaos of his times. Confucius’ teachings have been the foundation of Chinese education for 2,000 years, and his ideas of meritocracy, obedience and moral leadership have shaped China’s political and economic landscape.

Perhaps most significantly, Confucius emphasised the power of ritual and etiquette, family loyalty, the celebration of deified ancestors and the importance of social and personal morality. These codes and morals still influence Chinese and East Asian governance and family relations to this day, some 2,000 years after Confucius’ death.

Here are 10 facts about Confucius.

1. He was a longed-for son

Confucius’ father, Kong He, was 60 when he married a 17-year-old girl from the local Yan family, in the hope of fathering a healthy male heir after his first wife had produced 9 daughters. Kong looked to the teenage daughters of one of his neighbours for his new bride. None of the daughters were happy about marrying an ‘old man’ and left it to their father to choose who was to marry. The girl chosen was Yan Zhengzai.

After the wedding, the couple retreated to a local sacred mountain in the hope such a revered and spi